PREFACE
I. International Statistical
Yearbook 2011 is an annual comprehensive reference publication on
international economic and social statistics. It contains data from as much as
200 countries, regions and territories over the world. More detailed
information on the economic and social development of over 40 countries and the
key indicators of the world famous companies is also included in the Yearbook.
II. The Yearbook contains the following 18 chapters: China in the World;
Geography, Natural Resources and Environmental; National Accounts; Population;
Employment and Earnings; Investment Environment; Energy; Government Finance and
Banking; Price Index; Household Income and Expenditure and Poverty;
Agriculture; Industry and Construction; Transportation and Communication;
External Trade; Balance of Payments and External Debts; Tourism; Education,
Science and Technology, Culture, Health and Social Security; Main Indicators of
the 500 Largest Companies in the World.
III. Data for most of the foreign countries/territories have been
adjusted by international organizations such as the United Nations, and the
scope and coverage is therefore comparable.
IV. The latest data for many countries are preliminary or estimated
statistics.
V. All data of
VI. The data all from the databases, CD-ROMs, yearbooks and monthly
publications of international organizations. The sources of data are given at
the top of each table in the Yearbook.
VII. Some aggregations or rates/ratios may not add up to the sum of the
series because of rounding.
VIII. Unless otherwise indicated, the countries included in the Yearbook
are the countries under their present names with the present territories,
although the names or the boundaries may have changed during the period covered
by the Yearbook.
IX. The meanings of the symbols used in the Yearbook are as following,
"…" indicates that the figure is not large enough to be
measured with the smallest unit in the table;
"(blank)" indicates that data are not
available;
"#" indicates the major items of the total;
"|" indicates that the data to the left are not comparable with
those to the right because of the adjustment of scope and coverage.
X. Some international organizations and the members included are as
following,
Group 7, includes the
Organization for Economic
Co-operation and Development (OECD), has 34 members, i.e.,
Australia, Austria, Belgium, Iceland, Denmark, Germany, France, Finland,
Canada, Netherlands, Luxembourg, United States, Portugal, Japan, Norway,
Sweden, Switzerland, Ireland, Spain, Greece, Italy, New Zealand, Turkey, United
Kingdom, Mexico, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Korea, Slovakia, Israel
(2010), Slovenia, Chile (2010), Estonia (2010).
European Union (EU), it expanded to
27 members, i.e., France,
European Monetary Union
(Euro Area), member countries are Germany, Belgium, Austria, Netherlands,
France, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Luxembourg, Ireland, Finland, Greece, Slovenia,
Cyprus, Malta、Slovak and Estonia (Jan.1.2011), has 17 members. Since
January 1, 2002, the euro has formally substitute the
former local currencies of the member countries.
Association of South East
Asian Countries (ASEAN), it has 10 members, i.e., the Philippines, Malaysia,
Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei Darussalam (1984), Viet Nam (1995),
Myanmar (1997), Lao People's Democratic Republic (1997) and Cambodia (1999).
North American Free Trade Area(NAFTA), was founded on January 1, 1994, with members
unchanged hitherto, i.e.,
XI. Countries (territory) groups and their meanings are as following,
Countries by Income Group According to the criteria by the World
Bank, countries and territories (referred to as economies) are classified into
high income (higher than $12196), higher middle income (between $3946 and
$12195), lower middle income (between $996 and $3945) and low income ($995 and
below) groups by their per capita GNI in the year 2009.
Developed and Developing
Countries According to the
classification standard of the United Nations, developed countries include
Canada, the United States, the 15 member countries of the former European
Union, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Israel and South Africa. The others are
developing countries.
Industrial and Developing
Countries According to the
classification standard of International Monetary Funds, industrial countries
include Canada, the United States, the 15 member countries of the former
European Union, Australia, New Zealand and Japan. The others are developing
countries.
XII. The abbreviations used in this book and their meanings are as
following,
Sq.km=square kilometer,
ha = hectare,
kwh = kilowatt-hour,
g = gram,
kg = kilogram,
TJ = terojoule (1012 joule),
TCE = ton of standard coal equivalent,
TOE = ton of standard oil equivalent,
UNSD = Statistics Division of the United Nations,
IMF = International Monetary Funds,
FAO = Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,
UNCTAD = United Nations Conference on Trade and Development,
UNDP = United Nations Development Program,
ILO = International Labor Organization,
WHO = World Health Organization.