PREFACE

 


I. International Statistical Yearbook 2009 is an annual comprehensive reference publication on international economic and social statistics. It contains data from as much as 200 countries, regions and territories over the world. More detailed information on the economic and social development of over 40 countries and the key indicators of the world famous companies is also included in the Yearbook.

II. The Yearbook contains the following 18 chapters: China in the World; Geography ,Climate, Natural Resources and Environment; National Accounts; Population; Employment and Earnings; Investment Environment; Energy; Government Finance and Banking; Price Indices; Household Income and Expenditure and Poverty; Agriculture; Industry and Construction; Transportation and Communication; External Trade; Balance of Payments and External Debts; Tourism; Education, Science and Technology, Culture, Health and Military; Main Indicators of the 500 Largest Companies in the World.

III. Data for most of the foreign countries/territories have been adjusted by international organizations such as the United Nations, and the scope and coverage is therefore comparable.

IV. The latest data for many countries are preliminary or estimated statistics.

V. All data of China do not cover Taiwan Province, Hong Kong SAR and Macao SAR except data for the surface area.

VI. The data all from the databases, CD-ROMs, yearbooks and monthly publications of international organizations. The sources of data are given at the top of each table in the Yearbook.

VII. Some aggregations or rates/ratios may not add up to the sum of the series because of rounding.

VIII. Unless otherwise indicated, the countries included in the Yearbook are the countries under their present names with the present territories, although the names or the boundaries may have changed during the period covered by the Yearbook.

IX. The meanings of the symbols used in the Yearbook are as following,

"…" indicates that the figure is not large enough to be measured with the smallest unit in the table;

"(blank)" indicates that data are not available;

"#" indicates the major items of the total;

"|" indicates that the data to the left are not comparable with those to the right because of the adjustment of scope and coverage.

X. Some international organizations and the members included are as following,

Group 7, includes the United States, Japan, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Italy and Canada.

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), has 30 members, i.e., Australia (1971), Austria, Belgium, Iceland, Denmark, Germany, France, Finland (1969), Canada, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, United States, Portugal, Japan (1964), Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, Ireland, Spain, Greece, Italy, New Zealand (1973), Turkey, United Kingdom, Mexico (Mar. 24, 1994), Czech Republic (Nov. 28, 1995), Hungary (Mar. 29, 1996), Poland (Jul. 11, 1996), Korea (Oct. 11, 1996) and Slovakia (Sep. 2000).

European Union (EU), it expanded to 27 members, i.e., France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg (1951), Denmark, Ireland, United Kingdom (1973), Greece (1981), Spain, Portugal (1986), Austria, Finland, Sweden (1995), Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia (2004), Bulgaria(2007), Romania(2007).

European Monetary Union (Euro Area) , member countries are Germany, Belgium, Austria, the Netherlands, France, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Luxembourg, Ireland, Finland ,Greece ,Slovenia, Cyprus, Malta and Slovak, has 16 members. Since January 1, 2002, the euro has formally substitute the former local currencies of the member countries.

Association of South East Asian Countries (ASEAN), it has 10 members, i.e., the Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei Darussalam (1984), Viet Nam (1995), Myanmar (1997), Lao People's Democratic Republic (1997) and Cambodia (1999).

North American Free Trade Area (NAFTA), was founded on January 1, 1994, with members unchanged hitherto, i.e., Canada, Mexico and the United States.

XI. Countries (territory) groups and their meanings are as following,

Countries by Income Group  According to the criteria by the World Bank, countries and territories (referred to as economies) are classified into high income (higher than $11456), higher middle income (between $3706 and $11455), lower middle income (between $936 and $3705) and low income ($935 and below) groups by their per capita GNI in the year 2007.

Developed and Developing Countries  According to the classification standard of the United Nations, developed countries include Canada, the United States, the member countries of the former European Union, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Israel and South Africa The others are developing countries.

Industrial and Developing Countries  According to the classification standard of International Monetary Funds, industrial countries include Canada, the United States, the member countries of the former European Union, Australia, New Zealand and Japan. The others are developing countries.

XII. The abbreviations used in this book and their meanings are as following,

Sq.km=square kilometer,

ha = hectare,

kwh = kilowatt-hour,

g = gram,

kg = kilogram,

TJ = terojoule (1012 joule),

TCE = ton of standard coal equivalent,

TOE = ton of standard oil equivalent,

UNSD = Statistics Division of the United Nations,

IMF = International Monetary Funds,

FAO = Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,

UNCTAD = United Nations Conference on Trade and Development,

UNDP = United Nations Development Program,

ILO = International Labor Organization,

WHO = World Health Organization.