Explanatory
Notes on Main Statistical Indicators
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a summary measure of
human development. It measures the average achievements in a country in three
basic dimensions of human development: a long and healthy life, access to
knowledge and a decent standard of living. The HDI is the geometric mean of
normalized indices measuring achievements in each dimension.
Expected years of schooling Number of years of
schooling that a child of school entrance age can expect to receive if
prevailing patterns of age-specific enrolment rates were to stay the same
throughout the child’s life.
Mean years of schooling Average number of
years of education received by people ages 25 and older in their lifetime based
on education attainment levels of the population converted into years of
schooling based on theoretical durations of each level of education attended.
The KOF Index of
Globalization covers the economic, social and
political dimensions of globalization and is the weighted average value of
standardized twenty-three indicators. Globalization is conceptualized as a
process that erodes national boundaries, integrates national economies,
cultures, technologies and governance and produces complex relations of mutual
interdependence. economic globalization, characterized
as long distance flows of goods, capital and services as well as information
and perceptions that accompany market exchanges; political globalization,
characterized by a diffusion of government policies; and social globalization,
expressed as the spread of ideas, information, images and people
Global Competitiveness Index
(GCI) assess national
competitiveness by measuring a country's economic, social, political, cultural,
educational and other aspects. GCI system consists of three layers: The first
level includes three plates of Basic requirements, Efficiency enhancers and
Innovation and sophistication factors; The second level is the competitiveness
of 12 major "pillars", including Institutions, Infrastructure,
Macroeconomic environment, Health and primary education, Higher education and
training, Goods market efficiency, Labor market efficiency, Financial market
development, Technological readiness, Market size, Business sophistication, and
Innovation; The third level is the specific indicators.
The ICT Development Index
(IDI) is a useful tool to benchmark and track the overall progress countries
are making towards becoming information societies. The IDI is a composite index
made up of 11 indicators covering ICT access, use and skills. It has been
constructed to measure the level and evolution over time of ICT developments,
taking into consideration the situations of both developed and developing
countries. IDI includes the following indicators: Fixed-telephone subscriptions
per 100 inhabitants, Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100
inhabitants, International Internet bandwidth (bit/s) per Internet user,
Percentage of households with a computer, Percentage of households with
Internet access at home, Percentage of individuals using the Internet, Fixed
(wired)-broadband Internet subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, Active mobile-broadband
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, Adult literacy rate, Gross enrolment ratio
of secondary and tertiary level.